the impact of aviation emissions on surface air quality, and the impact of aviation green-,

Clearing of airfield surfaces is achieved using chemical deicing agents (e.g., ethylene or,

on the development of international aircraft emission standards (EPA, 2005). Finally,,

At the local and regional level, emissions from aircraft, airport traffic and stationary,

ily through surface discharge of contaminated water. The main sources of contaminants,

the impact of aviation emissions on surface air quality, and the impact of aviation green-,

curfews) and requiring aircraft to fly in narrowly defined flight tracks. Technological,

operations and technology). Operational changes include limiting flight hours (e.g., noise,

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He currently teaches graduate-level courses on,

been awarded the Franz Edelman 2nd Prize for Achievement in Operations and the Man-,

statements that are required prior to airport development projects or airspace redesign.,

publication of the initial emissions standards in 1973, the FAA has worked with ICAO,

can lead to overflows from fuel vents on full fuel tanks.,

2001). ADFs and AAFs consist mainly of ethylene or propylene glycol mixed with sev-,

produce a net warming effect). Section 14.6 discusses the impact of aviation emissions,

last 15 to 20 years, and aircraft service lifetimes average 25 to 35 years (NRC, 2002).,

In Europe, the European Union monitors and limits emissions by means of Directives,

may have negative consequences for local, national and world economies. But allow-,

ports are having an increasing influence on airport and aircraft operations. This influence is,

• Water that has been used in firefighting operations may contain high concentrations,

to affect noise and emissions performance therefore has limited impact in the short,

friendly airlines or aircraft, the necessary information is not easily available to those,

In regions where temperatures drop below the freezing point, aircraft surfaces must be,

There are several challenges to limiting the environmental impact of aviation. Aviation,

storm water drains and adversely affect plant and animal life.,

This chapter provides an introductory overview of civil aviation’s impacts on water,

14.3 Airport Water Quality Control,

may have negative consequences for local, national and world economies. But allow-,

Authority (JAA). In addition to these governmental bodies, the communities around air-,

requirements and environmental and business goals. For example, aircraft are required,

the high capital costs of aircraft coupled with the high residual value of aircraft pro-,

101 - 549, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2399). For aircraft, the enforcement responsibility,

publication of the initial emissions standards in 1973, the FAA has worked with ICAO,

Thus it can take up to 40 years to turn a fleet over to a new technology. In addition,,

on behalf of the EPA. The Aircraft Noise Abatement Act of 1968 (49 U.S.C. 44709,,

protection standards. The Clean Air Act of 1973 (CAA), which was last amended in,

origin and destination airports. These differing standards may lead to conflict because of,

At the global level, aircraft emissions contribute to climate change by increasing the,

airport activities, and is discussed in detail in this chapter.,

quality is particularly challenging because aviation’s environmental impacts are highly,

are technically feasible through basic research (NRC, 2002).,

ing the impact of aviation on the environment. In the USA, the Environmental Protection,

growth is correlated with economic growth. Placing inappropriate constraints on aviation,

are technically feasible through basic research (NRC, 2002).,

growth is correlated with economic growth. Placing inappropriate constraints on aviation,

• Inadequate storage, handling or disposal of oils and other chemicals can also contribute,

44715) tasked the FAA with developing and enforcing safe standards for noise generated,

environmental performance. Even when passengers do wish to select environmentally,

ciate Editor for Operations Research and for Transportation Science, as President of the,

assessment methods across the EU. Previously, emissions standards were set at national,