Co-Director of MIT’s Center for Transportation and Logistics. Professor Barnhart has,

potassium chloride) are used less frequently because they may cause damage to aircraft.,

44715) tasked the FAA with developing and enforcing safe standards for noise generated,

Clearing of airfield surfaces is achieved using chemical deicing agents (e.g., ethylene or,

Thus it can take up to 40 years to turn a fleet over to a new technology. In addition,,

protection standards. The Clean Air Act of 1973 (CAA), which was last amended in,

an ethylene glycol-based fluid known as UCAR) to loosen snow and ice, which can then,

ronmental impact are very long. The introduction of aircraft and engine design changes,

ter of Science in Transportation and a Ph.D. in Flight Transportation Systems from the,

to cling to aircraft surfaces for longer periods of time, reducing the need for repeated,

by recommending appropriate standards that regulatory bodies in member nations around,

changes include quieter or “cleaner” engines that produce less emissions. Policy changes,

on the development of international aircraft emission standards (EPA, 2005). Finally,,

may have negative consequences for local, national and world economies. But allow-,

Agency (EPA) is responsible for the establishment and enforcement of US environmental,

ICAO strives to limit or reduce the number of people affected by significant aircraft noise,,

44715) tasked the FAA with developing and enforcing safe standards for noise generated,

for example, there are approximately 17 000 vehicles belonging to the airport, airlines,

bus stations, car parks and roads, can contain a wide range of potentially polluting,

publication of the initial emissions standards in 1973, the FAA has worked with ICAO,

medium-sized airport may use more than 264 000 gallons of deicing fluid (Betts, 1999). In,

constraints and aviation economics (e.g.,Waitz et al., 2004; JPDO, 2006). This awareness,

to carry fuel reserves to ensure they can safely reach their destination - and beyond if,

serves or has served as Area Editor (Transportation) for Operations Research , as Asso-,

• Water that has been used in firefighting operations may contain high concentrations,

serves or has served as Area Editor (Transportation) for Operations Research , as Asso-,

do not consider environmental performance important in selecting an airline - concerns,

on the development of international aircraft emission standards (EPA, 2005). Finally,,

include land-use controls around airports and financial measures such as landing fees,,

to pollution. In the UK, The Control of Pollution (Oil Storage) (England) Regulations,

term. New aircraft development typically takes 5 years or more to be proven commer-,

balance society’s desires for mobility and environmental quality.,

noise restrictions and distribute funding for mitigation (typically sound insulation for,

mization of large-scale transportation systems, airline schedule planning and the airline,

ronmental impact are very long. The introduction of aircraft and engine design changes,

NASA is responsible for increasing the range of environmental mitigation options that,

Aircraft NOx emissions have indirect effects through production of tropospheric ozone,

for example, there are approximately 17 000 vehicles belonging to the airport, airlines,

an ethylene glycol-based fluid known as UCAR) to loosen snow and ice, which can then,

to cling to aircraft surfaces for longer periods of time, reducing the need for repeated,

balance must be struck. Balancing society’s objectives for mobility and environmental,

Thus it can take up to 40 years to turn a fleet over to a new technology. In addition,,

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